{"id":"81049daa-12b7-4ab6-b096-9f7ead75a1fe","test":"Swiss ownership and control","value":"No designated holder found where the chain could be followed; it breaks at 4 points","current":true,"observedAt":"2026-09-18T11:30:31.485Z","confirmedAt":"2026-10-24T12:15:28.231Z","supersededAt":null,"company":{"id":"12960494-7f0e-4d85-8c6a-a8f49ee54fa0","name":"Makrochem Spółka Akcyjna Spółka jawna"},"previous":null,"next":null,"derivation":{"kind":"ownership_verdict","path":[],"test":"Swiss ownership and control","notes":["2 natural-person holdings are published with a masked name and were compared with nobody.","Natural-person holders are compared with designated persons by name only. A match is reported and never counted, because the registers publish no identifier that could confirm it."],"breaks":{"first":[{"share":null,"detail":"No percentage is given for \"MAKROCHEM\" SPÓŁKA AKCYJNA, so the holding cannot count toward any threshold. The KRS names the partners of a partnership and states no share for any of them.","reason":"share_not_stated","company":{"name":"Makrochem Spółka Akcyjna Spółka jawna","number":"0000875568","countryId":"PL"},"holderName":"\"MAKROCHEM\" SPÓŁKA AKCYJNA"},{"share":null,"detail":null,"reason":"share_not_stated","company":{"name":"Makrochem Spółka Akcyjna Spółka jawna","number":"0000875568","countryId":"PL"},"holderName":null},{"share":null,"detail":null,"reason":"holder_name_masked","company":{"name":"Makrochem Spółka Akcyjna Spółka jawna","number":"0000875568","countryId":"PL"},"holderName":null},{"share":100,"detail":null,"reason":"holder_name_masked","company":{"name":"\"MAKROCHEM\" SPÓŁKA AKCYJNA","number":"0000378832","countryId":"PL"},"holderName":null}],"total":4,"byReason":{"share_not_stated":2,"holder_name_masked":2}},"effect":null,"inputs":{"lists":[{"readAt":"2026-09-16T22:01:40.056Z","source":"Switzerland SECO Sanctions List","publishedAt":"2026-09-04T00:00:00.000Z","publishedAtBasis":"stated_in_file"}],"registers":[{"readAt":null,"source":"Poland KRS (current extract, read on demand)","publishedAt":null,"holdingsReadAt":{"latest":"2026-09-18T11:30:31.602Z","earliest":"2026-09-18T11:30:31.487Z"},"publishedAtBasis":null}]},"caveats":["What owning and controlling mean is set out in SECO's guidance on the sanctions ordinances, which SECO says is not legally binding.","SECO adds the holdings of several sanctioned parties together \"in principle\" (grundsätzlich).","Control raises a presumption that the company may rebut case by case.","SECO counts holdings held directly or indirectly, and publishes no worked example with percentages. A company owned at the threshold is treated as holding its own shares for the listed party, as under the EU test.","Control without the threshold stake is part of this test and cannot be read from a shareholder register, so an outcome short of the threshold does not mean the company is not controlled.","2 parties in this chain are listed under a regime whose ownership rule has not been verified here, and were not counted: Makrochem Spółka Akcyjna Spółka jawna (Poland MSWiA sanctions list); \"MAKROCHEM\" SPÓŁKA AKCYJNA (Poland MSWiA sanctions list)."],"outcome":"no_designated_holder_found","subject":{"number":"0000875568","entityId":"12960494-7f0e-4d85-8c6a-a8f49ee54fa0","countryId":"PL","entityName":"Makrochem Spółka Akcyjna Spółka jawna"},"holdings":{"total":3,"heldByCompanies":1,"notPublishedAsCompanies":2},"identity":"c5519f5dbae49d1afacbb06574b389661b1c50e953be9fa6e67e34e326235a9c","citations":[{"url":"https://www.seco.admin.ch/dam/de/sd-web/Vjbtwu26yOgQ/Auslegungshilfe%20f%C3%BCr%20Sanktionsmassnahmen.pdf","title":"SECO, Auslegungshilfe Sanktionsmassnahmen (Stand 30. Juni 2026)","where":"Chapter 1, which applies to every sanctions ordinance that freezes funds: 1.10 (owning: 50% or more of the ownership interests, directly or indirectly; the interests of several sanctioned parties added together in principle) and 1.11 (control: any one of criteria a to h, unless the contrary is shown in the case)"},{"url":"https://www.fedlex.admin.ch/","title":"The Swiss sanctions ordinances in SWISS_ORDINANCES_READ, as consolidated on fedlex","where":"The freeze article of each, which freezes the funds and economic resources owned or controlled by the listed parties, by parties acting on their behalf, and by companies and organisations those parties own or control"}],"ruleTable":{"fingerprint":"f3d899fc1d224a36dbf3880253f4312f1c7fcc70e367d56af13ffb8b20bd8c88","signedOffOn":"2026-09-17","textsReadOn":"2026-09-13"},"statement":"No party listed under this regime was found on the part of the chain that could be followed. The chain breaks at 4 points, and past a break nothing is known. Natural persons hold 2 holdings in the chain. The register publishes their names masked, so none of them was compared with any designated person.","threshold":"50% or more","computedAt":"2026-09-18T11:30:31.485Z","aggregation":"aggregated","chainComplete":false,"jointHoldings":"not_settled","listedParties":[{"hops":0,"company":{"name":"Makrochem Spółka Akcyjna Spółka jawna","number":"0000875568","countryId":"PL"},"listings":[{"kind":"asset_freeze","test":null,"regime":"Poland","status":"not_verified","program":"a. zamrożenie wszystkich środków finansowych i zasobów gospodarczych, b. zakaz udostępniania podmiotowi wpisanemu na listę lub na jego rzecz – bezpośrednio lub pośrednio – jakichko","entityId":"12960494-7f0e-4d85-8c6a-a8f49ee54fa0","entityName":"Makrochem Spółka Akcyjna Spółka jawna","sourceName":"Poland MSWiA sanctions list","designatedAt":"2023-10-03T00:00:00.000Z"}]},{"hops":1,"company":{"name":"\"MAKROCHEM\" SPÓŁKA AKCYJNA","number":"0000378832","countryId":"PL"},"listings":[{"kind":"asset_freeze","test":null,"regime":"Poland","status":"not_verified","program":"a. zamrożenie wszystkich środków finansowych i zasobów gospodarczych, b. zakaz udostępniania podmiotowi wpisanemu na listę lub na jego rzecz – bezpośrednio lub pośrednio – jakichko","entityId":"9ff73022-0d0f-420c-932a-505f364b2fa0","entityName":"Makrochem Spółka Akcyjna","sourceName":"Poland MSWiA sanctions list","designatedAt":"2023-10-03T00:00:00.000Z"}]}],"controlAssessed":false,"designatedShare":{"sole":0,"includingJoint":0},"nearestDesignated":"The company is itself designated.","nameOnlyCandidates":0,"restsOnJointHolding":false,"naturalPersonHoldings":{"count":2,"masked":2,"directShareOfSubject":0}}}