Ownership test · Swiss ownership and control
No designated company found in the chain; the people in it are compared by name only
About Sabiedrība ar ierobežotu atbildību "OPTIMAX L", assessed under LV number 40003566687.
First said on 18 Sept 2026, last confirmed on 24 Oct 2026. It is the current verdict under this rule. A daily run that reaches the same verdict on the same holdings, listings and breaks confirms it. When anything it rests on changes, a new verdict begins at a new address.
- Before it, from 17 Sept 2026 to 18 Sept 2026: “No designated company found in the chain; the people in it are compared by name only”
The words can stay the same across two verdicts: a verdict is replaced when a holding, a listing, a break or the signed rule table changes, even where its words do not.
What it says
No company listed under this regime holds any share of the company, anywhere in the chain the registers state. Natural persons hold 2 holdings in the chain, including 100% of the company directly. The registers publish no identifier that confirms who they are, so they were compared with designated persons by name only, and a name written differently in a register and on a list is not found.
- Designated share
- None found
- Threshold
- 50% or more
- Chain
- Followed to its end
- Nearest designated party
- No designated company appears anywhere in the chain the registers state. Natural persons in the chain were compared with designated persons by name only.Found across every list on file, not only those this rule counts.
Notes
- Natural-person holders are compared with designated persons by name only. A match is reported and never counted, because the registers publish no identifier that could confirm it.
The chain
Holdings the result passes through
None: no holding carries a designated party's share down to the company.
Holdings read
2 holdings were read in the chain, none of them held by a company. Natural persons hold 2 of them, including 100% of the company directly. A verdict never keeps a person's name: a person appears in it as a holding of a stated share.
Listed parties in the chain
No company in the part of the chain that was followed carries a live listing.
Where the chain breaks
Nowhere: the chain was followed to its end.
What it rested on
Lists this rule reads
Switzerland SECO Sanctions List
Read on 16 Sept 2026; dated 4 Sept 2026 by the publisher.
Shareholder registers
Latvia Enterprise Register (members)
File read on 14 Sept 2026; last modified 14 Sept 2026, by the publisher's server. The holdings used were read on 14 Sept 2026.
The rule
- Test
- Swiss ownership and control
- Threshold
- 50% or more
- Several designated owners
- Added together: the shares of different designated parties count as one.
- A jointly held share
- The texts read do not settle it, so a result that rests on one goes to a reviewer.
- Control
- Not assessed. A shareholder register shows shares, not board seats or agreements.
- Signed off
- On 17 Sept 2026, from texts read on 13 Sept 2026.
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Caveats
- What owning and controlling mean is set out in SECO's guidance on the sanctions ordinances, which SECO says is not legally binding.
- SECO adds the holdings of several sanctioned parties together "in principle" (grundsätzlich).
- Control raises a presumption that the company may rebut case by case.
- SECO counts holdings held directly or indirectly, and publishes no worked example with percentages. A company owned at the threshold is treated as holding its own shares for the listed party, as under the EU test.
- Control without the threshold stake is part of this test and cannot be read from a shareholder register, so an outcome short of the threshold does not mean the company is not controlled.
Texts the rule rests on
- SECO, Auslegungshilfe Sanktionsmassnahmen (Stand 30. Juni 2026)
Chapter 1, which applies to every sanctions ordinance that freezes funds: 1.10 (owning: 50% or more of the ownership interests, directly or indirectly; the interests of several sanctioned parties added together in principle) and 1.11 (control: any one of criteria a to h, unless the contrary is shown in the case)
- The Swiss sanctions ordinances in SWISS_ORDINANCES_READ, as consolidated on fedlex
The freeze article of each, which freezes the funds and economic resources owned or controlled by the listed parties, by parties acting on their behalf, and by companies and organisations those parties own or control
This record
- Address
- This page's address does not change, and the verdict at it is never rewritten. The same record as JSON.
- Computed
- 18 Sept 2026
- Identity
c0e2d4d09cedc87319cc1a54e91b35eca41c2d40d7fb9bf1ba11b10e5418a97aA hash of what the verdict rests on. Each run compares it to decide whether the verdict still stands.