Ownership test · Swiss ownership and control
No designated holder found where the chain could be followed; it breaks at 1 point
About AURUM – Agencja reklamowa Khazhbi EDELBIEV, assessed under PL number 367432940.
First said on 18 Sept 2026, last confirmed on 26 Oct 2026. It is the current verdict under this rule. A daily run that reaches the same verdict on the same holdings, listings and breaks confirms it. When anything it rests on changes, a new verdict begins at a new address.
What it says
No party listed under this regime was found on the part of the chain that could be followed. The chain breaks at 1 point, and past a break nothing is known.
- Designated share
- None found
- Threshold
- 50% or more
- Chain
- Breaks at 1 point
- Nearest designated party
- The company is itself designated.Found across every list on file, not only those this rule counts.
Notes
- Natural-person holders are compared with designated persons by name only. A match is reported and never counted, because the registers publish no identifier that could confirm it.
The chain
Holdings the result passes through
None: no holding carries a designated party's share down to the company.
Holdings read
The registers read state no holdings for the chain.
Listed parties in the chain
AURUM – Agencja reklamowa Khazhbi EDELBIEV (PL 367432940) the company itself
- Not countedPoland MSWiA sanctions list
Asset freeze under Poland, a. zamrożenie wszystkich środków finansowych i zasobów gospodarczych, b. zakaz udostępniania podmiotowi wpisanemu na listę lub na jego rzecz – bezpośrednio lub pośrednio – jakichko
Listed on 30 May 2023 as AURUM – Agencja reklamowa Khazhbi EDELBIEV
Not counted: this regime's ownership rule has not been read here.
Where the chain breaks
The chain could not be followed past 1 point, and past a break nothing is known. An answer about the chain covers only the part before them.
- Not in the register: 1
Not in the register at the company itself
KHAZHBI EDELBIEV is on the VAT white list without a KRS number, and only a subject registered in the KRS has its holders published there.
What it rested on
Lists this rule reads
Switzerland SECO Sanctions List
Read on 16 Sept 2026; dated 4 Sept 2026 by the publisher.
Shareholder registers
Poland KRS (current extract, read on demand)
Asked when the verdict was computed. None of its holdings were used.
The rule
- Test
- Swiss ownership and control
- Threshold
- 50% or more
- Several designated owners
- Added together: the shares of different designated parties count as one.
- A jointly held share
- The texts read do not settle it, so a result that rests on one goes to a reviewer.
- Control
- Not assessed. A shareholder register shows shares, not board seats or agreements.
- Signed off
- On 17 Sept 2026, from texts read on 13 Sept 2026.
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Caveats
- What owning and controlling mean is set out in SECO's guidance on the sanctions ordinances, which SECO says is not legally binding.
- SECO adds the holdings of several sanctioned parties together "in principle" (grundsätzlich).
- Control raises a presumption that the company may rebut case by case.
- SECO counts holdings held directly or indirectly, and publishes no worked example with percentages. A company owned at the threshold is treated as holding its own shares for the listed party, as under the EU test.
- Control without the threshold stake is part of this test and cannot be read from a shareholder register, so an outcome short of the threshold does not mean the company is not controlled.
- 1 party in this chain is listed under a regime whose ownership rule has not been verified here, and was not counted: AURUM – Agencja reklamowa Khazhbi EDELBIEV (Poland MSWiA sanctions list).
Texts the rule rests on
- SECO, Auslegungshilfe Sanktionsmassnahmen (Stand 30. Juni 2026)
Chapter 1, which applies to every sanctions ordinance that freezes funds: 1.10 (owning: 50% or more of the ownership interests, directly or indirectly; the interests of several sanctioned parties added together in principle) and 1.11 (control: any one of criteria a to h, unless the contrary is shown in the case)
- The Swiss sanctions ordinances in SWISS_ORDINANCES_READ, as consolidated on fedlex
The freeze article of each, which freezes the funds and economic resources owned or controlled by the listed parties, by parties acting on their behalf, and by companies and organisations those parties own or control
This record
- Address
- This page's address does not change, and the verdict at it is never rewritten. The same record as JSON.
- Computed
- 18 Sept 2026
- Identity
61b10b3ef683eb1ba8e97d1cbe2bf397ab9370e67d968800f485ade7aa2af857A hash of what the verdict rests on. Each run compares it to decide whether the verdict still stands.